Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Check what you understood with a short quiz.

Read a small data table by connecting rows to cases, columns to variables, and cells to values. You’ll learn how this structure lets a messy real-world question become something a computer or calculator can analyze.

Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Translate the important parts of a question into variables that can be recorded for every case. You’ll practice separating one broad idea into usable columns without jumping into detailed variable-type rules.

Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Check what you understood with a short quiz.

Pin down exactly how each variable will be recorded, including units like minutes, dollars, miles, or points on a scale. You’ll see why “exercise,” “income,” or “screen time” must be defined before the data are collected.

Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Keep the group you want to learn about separate from the cases you actually collect data from. You’ll reason through how a question about “all commuters” might become a table of 200 surveyed commuters.

Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Check what you understood with a short quiz.

Tell the difference between raw data, information made from data, and claims made using that information. You’ll classify statements like “42 people answered yes,” “60% answered yes,” and “most people prefer this option.”

Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Work backward from a claim such as “longer commutes reduce sleep” to the data table needed to check it. You’ll name the cases, variables, and measurements a fair analysis would require.

Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Check what you understood with a short quiz.

Decide when a value is truly missing, not applicable, unknown, or deliberately left blank. You’ll practice planning these labels before analysis so blanks do not get mistaken for real answers.

Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Build a small data plan for an everyday question, including the cases, variables, units, and table shape. You’ll focus on making the question analyzable without yet choosing graphs, summaries, or models.

Use what you learned in the previous lesson to solve real-world problems.

Check what you understood with a short quiz.

Review this chapter with practice based on your mistakes.