Lithuanian

Forms of būti in statements, questions, identification, and description.

Subject–verb–complement patterns, flexible word order, and omitted subjects.

Cardinal numbers, quantities, prices, ages, phone numbers, and simple calculations.

Nominative forms for subjects, naming, classification, and predicate nouns.

Present-tense conjugation classes and frequent regular and irregular verbs.

Immediate and extended family, relationships, marital status, and personal descriptions.

Possession, quantity, absence, origin, and common prepositions requiring the genitive.

Personal pronouns in subject and basic object forms, including polite jūs.

Yes–no questions, question words, intonation patterns, and short answers.

Simple negation with ne, negative responses, and contrastive negative expressions.

Days, months, dates, clock time, schedules, frequency, and duration.

Direct objects, destinations, duration, and prepositions requiring the accusative.

Appearance, personality, colors, size, shape, and adjective–noun agreement.

Rooms, furniture, household objects, utilities, and describing where things are.

Location, enclosed spaces, place names, and common locative endings.

Daily activities, habits, personal care, and routine sequencing.

Reflexive verb endings, common reflexive actions, and basic placement of -si-.

Common foods, drinks, meals, flavors, portions, and dietary preferences.

Ordering, requesting, asking about ingredients, paying, and resolving simple dining problems.

Indirect objects, recipients, beneficiaries, age expressions, and states requiring the dative.

This, that, these, those, selection, identification, and demonstrative agreement.

Clothing, footwear, accessories, materials, fit, and describing what someone wears.

Products, sizes, quantities, prices, payments, returns, and customer requests.

Means, accompaniment, roles, temporary states, and prepositions requiring the instrumental.

Direct address, names, titles, affectionate forms, and attention-getting expressions.

Cardinal number agreement, noun government after numbers, and quantity expressions.

Seasons, temperature, precipitation, forecasts, and everyday weather conditions.

Body parts, physical condition, symptoms, pain, and basic medical needs.

Medical appointments, pharmacies, treatment instructions, emergencies, and recovery.

Commands, prohibitions, instructions, invitations, and polite imperatives.

Streets, buildings, landmarks, position, distance, and route instructions.

Public and private transport, tickets, routes, timetables, delays, and transfers.

Regular and irregular forms for completed past events and states.

Past activities, personal experiences, event sequences, and narrative time markers.

Formation and use of the past frequentative for repeated or customary past actions.

Common adverbs of manner, time, place, degree, frequency, and sequence.

Hobbies, games, exercise, creative activities, collections, and leisure preferences.

Sports, equipment, rules, training, competition, results, and physical performance.

Future forms, predictions, promises, intentions, scheduled events, and future time expressions.

Plans, arrangements, goals, availability, invitations, acceptance, and refusal.

Desires, preferences, ability, permission, obligation, necessity, and possibility.

Infinitives after verbs and impersonal expressions, purpose constructions, and verbal complements.

Comparative and superlative adjective forms, equality, inequality, and irregular comparison.

Comparing people, objects, places, quantities, experiences, and alternatives.

Natural features, landscapes, plants, animals, and spatial descriptions outdoors.

Accommodation, reservations, check-in, facilities, requests, and lodging problems.

Documents, luggage, border procedures, travel disruptions, and requests for assistance.

Possessive pronouns, reflexive possessive savo, ownership, and reference to sentence subjects.

Indefinite, negative, and universal pronouns and adverbs built with kai-, kaž-, nie-, and vis-.

Object position under negation and the genitive forms required by negative verbs.

Prepositions grouped by governed case, spatial meaning, time, cause, purpose, and relation.

Existence, possession, absence, availability, and constructions with yra, turi, and nėra.

Schools, subjects, courses, qualifications, classroom activities, and study routines.

Memory, comprehension, difficulty, progress, goals, and discussing ways of studying.

Phones, computers, internet access, applications, devices, settings, and technical problems.

Messages, calls, contact details, connection problems, clarification, and turn management.

Emotions, moods, reactions, satisfaction, frustration, fear, surprise, and affection.

Likes, dislikes, preferences, judgments, reasons, and degrees of certainty.

Coordinating clauses with addition, contrast, choice, consequence, and explanation.

Subordinate clauses of time, cause, purpose, condition, concession, and result.

Common relative pronouns, case agreement, antecedents, and defining relative clauses.

More complex relative forms with prepositions, embedded cases, and nonrestrictive information.

First and repeated reflexive actions, reciprocal meanings, and prefixed reflexive verbs.

Verb prefixes expressing direction, completion, beginning, duration, repetition, and intensity.

Contrasts between ongoing, repeated, completed, and result-focused actions.

Conditional forms for hypothetical situations, wishes, tentative statements, and polite requests.

Real, probable, hypothetical, and counterfactual conditions across time.

Requests, favors, permission, suggestions, refusals, negotiation, and softening strategies.

Advice, recommendations, warnings, encouragement, and expressions of necessity.

Public facilities, postal services, banking, documentation, appointments, and administrative requests.

Money, accounts, payments, borrowing, saving, household budgets, and financial decisions.

Housing searches, rental conditions, contracts, repairs, neighbors, and moving arrangements.

Accidents, hazards, missing belongings, urgent calls, and describing critical situations.

Active present participles, adjectival agreement, simultaneous actions, and characteristic meanings.

Active past participles, completed actions, prior events, and descriptive uses.

Present and past passive participles as adjectives and components of verbal constructions.

Passive constructions with būti, agent expression, tense contrasts, and impersonal focus.

Resulting states and prior events expressed with auxiliary forms and participles.

Passive necessity forms ending in -tinas, obligation, suitability, and expected action.

Same-subject simultaneous actions expressed with pusdalyvis forms and agreement.

Adverbial participles for different-subject actions, temporal relations, cause, and conditions.

Intensified manner expressed by būdinys forms and their stylistic distribution.

Direct quotations, reporting verbs, punctuation conventions, and speaker perspective.

Reported statements, questions, commands, tense reference, and pronoun adjustment.

Participial forms conveying secondhand, inferred, or unconfirmed information.

Stories, anecdotes, chronology, background events, turning points, and outcomes.

Detailed descriptions of people, places, objects, movement, atmosphere, and change.

Cause, effect, purpose, evidence, examples, exceptions, and structured explanations.

Claims, supporting reasons, counterarguments, concessions, rebuttals, and qualified conclusions.

Agreement, partial agreement, disagreement, correction, challenge, and respectful objection.

Conversation openings, topic changes, turn-taking, hesitation, repair, clarification, and closings.

Small talk, shared experiences, reactions, follow-up questions, and maintaining social interaction.

Informal, neutral, polite, and formal choices in pronouns, vocabulary, syntax, and address.

Respect, distance, tact, indirectness, deference, criticism, and face-saving expressions.

Affectionate, diminutive, augmentative, pejorative, and expressive noun and adjective formations.

Nouns formed from verbs, adjectives, people, places, actions, qualities, and results.

Adjectives formed from nouns and verbs, relational meanings, possession, materials, and qualities.

Verb formation through prefixes, suffixes, reflexive markers, and changes in valency.

Adverbs derived from adjectives, nouns, pronouns, and fixed case forms.

Productive roots, prefixes, suffixes, compounds, and semantic relationships within word families.

Systematic stem and ending changes across declension, conjugation, derivation, and comparison.

Major noun declension patterns, irregular paradigms, stem classes, and less common endings.

Full adjective paradigms, irregular stems, case forms, and nominalized adjectives.

Definite pronominal adjective forms, contrastive identification, emphasis, and nominal use.

Declension and use of personal, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, and indefinite pronouns.

Ordinal, collective, fractional, approximate, and multiplicative numbers with case agreement.

Quantity, measurement, proportion, percentages, fractions, ranges, and approximate amounts.

Complex date forms, periods, deadlines, frequency, duration, sequence, and temporal boundaries.

Verbs governing specific cases, prepositions, infinitives, participles, and subordinate clauses.

Changes in transitivity, causation, reflexivity, reciprocity, and argument structure.

Impersonal constructions for weather, sensation, necessity, possibility, evaluation, and experience.

Existential, presentational, and possessive patterns with flexible subject and object interpretation.

Neutral and marked word order, topic–comment organization, focus, contrast, and emphasis.

Clitic placement, unstressed grammatical elements, reflexive markers, and particle ordering.

Modal, emphatic, limiting, additive, contrastive, and conversational particles.

Connections across sentences through reference, substitution, repetition, lexical chains, and conjunctions.

Logical progression, paragraph relationships, framing, digression, reformulation, and conclusions.

Common verb–noun, adjective–noun, adverb–adjective, and prepositional combinations.

Fixed phrases, figurative expressions, conventional comparisons, and context-appropriate idioms.

Literal, figurative, technical, emotional, ironic, and context-dependent word meanings.

Synonym differences in intensity, connotation, register, grammatical behavior, and typical context.

Multiple meanings, ambiguity, homonymy, and selecting interpretations from grammatical context.

Softened claims, approximation, probability, evidential distance, and cautious commitment.

Emphasis, intensification, understatement, exaggeration, contrast, and rhetorical focus.

Humor, irony, sarcasm, implication, and meanings that differ from literal wording.

Presupposition, inference, shared knowledge, indirect meaning, and context-sensitive interpretation.

Specialized vocabulary for living systems, matter, energy, research, evidence, and scientific processes.

Ecosystems, climate, pollution, conservation, resources, sustainability, and environmental policy.

Rights, responsibilities, laws, institutions, elections, public decisions, and civic participation.

Identity, equality, migration, population, accessibility, poverty, and community challenges.

Symptoms, diagnoses, prevention, treatment options, risk, consent, and healthcare decisions.

Data, privacy, automation, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and ethical technology choices.

Abstract qualities, values, beliefs, truth, knowledge, responsibility, freedom, and morality.

Formal definitions, classifications, distinctions, generalizations, exceptions, and conceptual relationships.

Complex comparison, analogy, contrast, synthesis, evaluation criteria, and balanced judgment.

Dense noun phrases, participial modifiers, nominalization, and compact expression of complex ideas.

Nested subordination, clause embedding, long-distance dependencies, and controlled sentence complexity.

Parallel structures, inversion, ellipsis, repetition, and marked syntax for rhetorical effect.

Subtle shifts among neutral, conversational, formal, technical, archaic, and regionally marked forms.

Dialectal and regional vocabulary, grammatical variants, colloquial reductions, and standard-language equivalents.

Obsolete, elevated, and historically retained forms encountered in highly formal or older usage.

Precise reformulation, paraphrase, clarification, condensation, expansion, and preservation of meaning.

Managing layered viewpoints, uncertain evidence, competing interpretations, and degrees of commitment.

Natural combinations, idiomatic selection, subtle case choices, and avoidance of nonnative structural patterns.

Fine control of grammar, vocabulary, register, implication, emphasis, and stylistic effect in any context.