Independent vowels, their forms, and common words beginning with each vowel.
Recognize and pronounce अ and आ, and connect them with common words such as अननस and आग. Distinguish their short and long vowel sounds.
Recognize and pronounce इ and ई in words such as इमारत and ईश्वर. Compare their written forms and vowel sounds.
Recognize and pronounce उ and ऊ in common words such as उंदीर and ऊस. Distinguish the two letters by shape and sound.
Recognize ए and ऐ and use words such as एक and ऐक. Compare the letters and their distinct vowel sounds.
Recognize ओ and औ in common words such as ओठ and औषध. Choose the correct letter by its shape and pronunciation.
Recognize and pronounce the less common independent vowels ऋ, ॲ, and ऑ. Connect them with words such as ऋतू, ॲप, and ऑटो.
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