Bulgarian Cyrillic letter forms, capitalization, handwriting conventions, and core spelling patterns.
Recognize, pronounce, and write the uppercase and lowercase printed forms А а, Е е, К к, М м, О о, and Т т.
Distinguish В в, Н н, Р р, С с, У у, and Х х from similar-looking Roman letters and connect each one with its Bulgarian sound.
Recognize, pronounce, and write the printed consonants Б б, Г г, Д д, З з, Л л, П п, and Ф ф.
Recognize and pronounce Ж ж, Ц ц, Ч ч, Ш ш, and Щ щ, including the multi-sound value of щ.
Recognize and write И и, Й й, Ъ ъ, Ь ь, Ю ю, and Я я, distinguishing vowel letters from the short й and soft sign ь.
Use capital letters at the beginning of sentences and in proper names. Contrast this with lowercase forms for languages, nationalities, days, and months.
Distinguish и as a vowel from й as the short /y/ sound in words and common letter sequences.
Pronounce and spell the Bulgarian vowel ъ, and distinguish it from а in common stressed and unstressed syllables.
Read я and ю as /ya/ and /yu/ at the beginning of words or after vowels, and recognize how they affect a preceding consonant.
Use ь only in the spelling combination ьо and recognize how it marks a softened consonant before о.
Read дж and дз as paired consonant sounds and distinguish them from щ, which represents /sht/.
Recognize that Bulgarian word stress is variable and normally unmarked. Compare stressed vowels with reduced unstressed а, ъ, о, у, е, and и.
Pronounce final and neighboring voiced consonants naturally while preserving their standard spelling, as in common б–п, д–т, and г–к contrasts.
Recognize and form the related handwritten shapes и, й, п, т, ш, and щ, using their repeated cursive strokes to keep letters distinct.
Recognize and form the distinctive Bulgarian handwritten shapes б, в, г, д, к, and л, comparing them with their printed forms.
Join handwritten letters along the baseline and use entry, exit, and linking strokes without losing letter or word boundaries.
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