1. Web3: Shared Networks and Digital Ownership

Web3 uses blockchains and peer-to-peer networks to keep records that many participants can verify together. This changes who can operate an online service, store value, or control a digital object.

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A wallet is more than a place to keep tokens: it can act as a cryptographic identity and a way to approve actions. Tokens can represent money, access, collectibles, voting power, or ownership in a digital system.

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Smart contracts are programs stored on a blockchain that carry out agreed rules, such as exchanging assets or distributing funds. They make possible applications for decentralized finance, games, marketplaces, and community governance.

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Web3 projects bring together protocol designers, developers, security researchers, artists, game makers, community organizers, and users. Their work raises practical questions about trust, privacy, ownership, incentives, and what online communities can manage together.

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Review this chapter with practice based on your mistakes.