Calculate pregnancy time using LMP, gestational age, weeks-plus-days notation, and an estimated due date. Place a date into trimesters and term labels such as preterm, early term, full term, late term, and postterm.

Read common pregnancy history shorthand such as gravida, para, nulliparous, multiparous, and GTPAL. Translate examples like G2P1 or G3P1011 into plain language without needing to know the person’s whole story.

Apply the previous explanations in a guided problem.

Measure contractions using frequency, duration, spacing, regularity, and intensity. Compare wording like “every 5 minutes, lasting 60 seconds” with vague descriptions so you can report patterns clearly.

Follow cervical exam language by connecting dilation in centimeters, effacement in percentages, and terms like closed, complete, latent labor, active labor, transition, pushing, and placental birth. Reason through how these words describe progress without treating them as a perfect prediction.

Apply the previous explanations in a guided problem.

Check your understanding with a short quiz.

Use station numbers to describe how low the baby is in the pelvis, from high negative stations to crowning. Recognize related terms such as presenting part, engaged, 0 station, and + stations in birth-room conversation.

Decode common notes and abbreviations found in appointments and labor charts, including GA, EDD, LMP, ctx, SVE, VE, dil, eff, sta, ROM, SROM, AROM, PROM, FHR, and TOCO. Practice turning a short chart line into plain English.

Apply the previous explanations in a guided problem.

Check your understanding with a short quiz.

Review this chapter with practice based on your mistakes.