Ethiopic syllable characters used for Amharic, with the seven vowel orders and common consonant families.
Recognize ሀ ሁ ሂ ሃ ሄ ህ ሆ and match them to the seven fidel vowel orders: hä, hu, hi, ha, he, hə, and ho. Use this family as the pattern for reading later consonant families.
Recognize አ ኡ ኢ ኣ ኤ እ ኦ as vowel-carrier syllables. Read them as standalone vowel sounds across the seven orders.
Recognize and read the ለ and መ families across all seven orders. Compare syllables like ለ, ሉ, ሊ and መ, ሙ, ሚ.
Recognize and read the ረ and ሰ families across all seven orders. Choose the correct syllable for r and s sounds with each vowel order.
Recognize and read the ሸ and ዘ families across all seven orders. Distinguish sh syllables from z syllables in fidel.
Recognize and read the በ and ተ families across all seven orders. Match b and t syllables to their vowel-order forms.
Recognize and read the ቸ and ጨ families across all seven orders. Distinguish plain ch syllables from the stronger chʼ syllables.
Recognize and read the ነ and ኘ families across all seven orders. Compare n syllables with ny syllables such as ነ and ኘ.
Recognize and read the ከ and ገ families across all seven orders. Match k and g syllables to the correct fidel shapes.
Recognize and read the ቀ and ጠ families across all seven orders. Distinguish the emphatic qʼ and tʼ syllables from nearby plain consonant families.
Recognize and read the ወ and የ families across all seven orders. Use these forms for common w and y syllables in Amharic words.
Recognize and read the ደ and ጀ families across all seven orders. Distinguish d syllables from j syllables by their fidel shapes.
Recognize and read the ፈ and ፐ families across all seven orders. Compare f syllables with p syllables, especially in common and borrowed words.
Recognize and read the ጸ and ፀ families across all seven orders. Notice that both families represent the same tsʼ sound pattern in modern Amharic spelling.
Recognize and read the ሐ and ኀ families across all seven orders. Notice that these legacy h families are pronounced like h in modern Amharic but keep distinct spellings.
Recognize and read the ሠ family across all seven orders. Notice that this legacy s family is pronounced like ሰ in modern Amharic but appears in fixed spellings.
Recognize and read the ዐ family across all seven orders. Compare it with the አ vowel-carrier family, since both are pronounced alike in modern Amharic but spelled differently.
Review this chapter with practice based on your mistakes.
